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Fire Alarm System

Fire Alarm System is designed to alert us to an emergency so that we can take action to protect ourselves, staff and the general public.

Fire alarm panel

The “Brain” of the fire detector system is the Fire Alarm Control Panel. It is the central hub for all of the detector signals to be wired to and provides a status indication to the users.

The unit can also be set up to simulate an alarm for use in routine Fire and evacuation drills, so all staff knows what action to take in the event of a real fire.

Detectors

At the core of a fire alarm system are the detection devices, from sophisticated intelligent smoke detectors to simple manually operated break glass units, there are a wide array of different types, but we can divide them into groups including. 

– Heat detectors

– Smoke detectors

 Carbon Monoxide detectors

– Multi-sensor detectors

     – Manual Call Points

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Types of Fire Alarm Panels

Fire Alarm Systems can be broken down into four main types:

– Conventional

– Addressable

– Intelligent

– Wireless

Conventional Fire Alarm System

In a Conventional Fire Alarm System, physical cabling is used to interconnect several call points and detectors, 

the signals from which are wired back to the main control unit.


Call points and detectors are arranged in “Zones” to simplify locating the cause of the alarm, this is important for both the fire brigade and general building management

Each zone is indicated at the Fire Alarm Control Panel either with an indicator lamp, a text display or in some cases both

It makes sense that the more we can divide a building into zones, the more accurate locating the alarm trigger will be.

Addressable Fire Alarm Panel

The detection principle of an Addressable System is the same as a Conventional System except that each detector

is given a set Address (usually by means of a dip-switch) and the Control Panel can then determine exactly which 

detector or call point has initiated the alarm.

The detection circuit is wired as a loop and up to 99 devices may be connected to each loop.

It is common for the loop to be fitted with Loop Isolation Modules so that the loop is sectioned in order to ensure 

that a short circuit or single fault will only cause the loss of a small part of the system; allowing the rest of the 

system to function normally.

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